Tengger-Sandsea-Ngadisari Caldera – Øystein Lund Andersen Photography

Caldera Tengger map Junghuhn — The sketch is a 19th century map of Sandsea Caldera showing several volcanoes within the caldera (Junghuhn, 1844).

The 16-km-wide Tengger caldera is located at the northern end of a volcanic massif extending from Semeru volcano. The massive volcanic complex dates back to about 820,000 years ago and consists of five overlapping stratovolcanoes, each truncated by a caldera. Lava domes, pyroclastic cones, and a maar occupy the flanks of the massif. The Ngadisari caldera at the NE end of the complex formed about 150,000 years ago and is now drained through the Sapikerep valley. The most recent of the calderas is the 9 x 10 km wide Sandsea caldera at the SW end of the complex, which formed incrementally during the late Pleistocene and early Holocene.

The Tengger Caldera is also known as the Sandsea Caldera. It is likely named Seasand (Sea of Sand) Caldera, because the caldera holds vast areas of sand. The caldera contains an overlapping cluster of post-caldera cones was constructed on the floor of the caldera within the past several thousand years. .

Read more about the Tengger/Sandsea caldera and its cones at the Global Volcanism Program

The cones of the Tengger/Sandsea caldera:

Click blue links to open pages

Batok

Bromo (Many pages, choose page in overview)

Widodaren

Kursi

Note: Only Bromo is currently active and is one of Java’s most active and most frequently visited volcanoes.

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Tengger/Sandsea Caldera

Tengger Caldera Ngadisari Caldera Sandsea Caldera — The Tengger Massif that contain the Tengger Caldera/Sandsea Caldera and Ngadisari Caldera seen from the North. (2019)

The Tengger Caldera, with Semeru volcano in the background emitting av white plume.

Eastern wall of the Tengger caldera, with Semeru volcano towering in the background.

Tengger caldera with Kawi-Butak volcano far in the background.

Bromo as seen from above the Ngadisari caldera

Looking North in the Ngadisari Caldera, distinct walls on both sides.

Looking down the Ngadisari caldera, seen from the West.

Ngadisari caldera, with the village which goes with the same name, Ngadisari, in the foreground.

Bromo Indonesia Volcano July August 2017 DJI Aerial Sandsea Caldera — Aerial view of the Sandsea/Tengger Caldera, East-Java – with Semeru volcano roaming in the background.

Dji Aerial Bromo Volcano Indonesia Java Tengger 2017 — (18th February)

Star trails Tengger Bromo Volcano Astro — Series of photos worth 30min combined together, making star-trails above the Seasand/Tengger-Caldera.

Bromo Tengger Indonesia Eruption Volcano April 2016 — Aerial view from a hobby UAV.

Bromo Tengger Indonesia Eruption Volcano March 2016 Bromo Aerial October 2015 Indonesia Volcano Volcanoes Java

Bromo Tengger Volcano July 2015 — (2th August 2015)

A meteorite strikes over the Tengger Caldera, Semeru in the background.

Ngadisari caldera

Ngadisari caldera at the NE end of the complex formed about 150,000 years ago and is now drained through the Sapikerep valley. It is thought to be the oldest Caldera of the Tengger massif.